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目的研究社区亲子关系干预措施对北京市城区祖辈-母共同养育质量的作用,为开发适宜社区应用的婴幼儿心理保健模式提供依据。方法 2013年12月-2014年3月选取北京市海淀、石景山区4所社区卫生服务中心管理的4~11月龄儿童203名,按1∶1随机分为研究组和对照组。研究组在常规儿童定期体检中对家长个体化技能指导和咨询,并每月1次对家长进行知识讲座。对照组儿童及家庭仅接受常规儿童健康检查与指导。1年后通过问卷调查比较两组儿童家庭祖辈-父母共同养育情况。结果两组家庭祖辈与父母缺乏育儿沟通和养育冲突问题较为突出。研究组家庭中祖辈对母亲的情感支持程度(P<0.01)和配合度更高(P=0.046);研究组中祖辈和母亲存在养育分歧(P=0.046)、以及祖辈在儿童面前说母亲坏话的家庭比例均低于对照组(P=0.04)。结论社区亲子关系干预措施对提高共同养育者在育儿过程中的配合度、减少养育分歧、减少损害亲子关系发展行为等方面具有积极作用,但对共同养育其他维度作用有限。建议进一步完善社区促进亲子关系干预策略。
Objective To study the effect of community parent-child relationship interventions on the quality of ancestral-parental common parenting in urban areas of Beijing, and to provide the basis for developing a mental health care model suitable for infants and young children in community-based settings. Methods From December 2013 to March 2014, 203 children aged 4-11 months who were managed by 4 community health service centers in Haidian and Shijingshan District of Beijing were randomly divided into study group and control group according to 1: 1. The research team guides and advises parents on individualized skills during regular child physical examinations, and gives parents a lecture on knowledge once a month. Children and families in the control group only received regular child health examination and guidance. A year later, we compared the ancestor-parental rearing status of the children in both groups through a questionnaire survey. Results Two groups of grandparents and parents lack of parenting communication and parenting conflict is more prominent. The degree of emotional support (P <0.01) and the high degree of cooperation (P = 0.046) of the ancestors in the study group to their mothers were higher in the study group than those in the study group (P = 0.046) Of the families were lower than the control group (P = 0.04). Conclusion Parent-child relationship interventions in community have a positive effect on improving co-parental co-ordination in parenting, reducing differences in parenting, and reducing damage to parent-child relationship development. However, they have a limited role in co-raising other dimensions. It is suggested to further improve community intervention strategies to promote parent-child relationship.