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目的了解建筑工人饮食习惯状况及人群特征分布,为进一步开展建筑工人营养宣教提供科学依据。方法采用立意整群抽样方法抽取泸州市793名建筑工人作为研究对象,对其饮食习惯进行现况调查。结果仅有35.4%的建筑工人饮食习惯情况良好,79.4%的建筑工人膳食以温饱为首,14.3%的建筑工人追求营养均衡,30.1%的建筑工人三餐不规律,偏食、挑食现象少见(18.7%),吃夜宵(39.4%)、油炸食品(54.1%)的现象仍然存在。年龄越大、文化程度越高、营养认知水平越高的建筑工人的饮食习惯得分越高;城镇户口的建筑工人比农村户口的建筑工人的饮食习惯得分高;已婚的建筑工人比未婚、离婚、丧偶的建筑工人的饮食习惯得分高(P<0.05)。结论饮食习惯良好的建筑工人所占比例较低,主要与其年龄、户口所在地、文化程度、婚姻状况及营养认知有关。
Objective To understand the dietary habits of construction workers and the distribution of population characteristics in order to provide a scientific basis for carrying out nutrition education for construction workers. Methods A total of 793 construction workers in Luzhou City were selected as the research objects by using the method of deliberate cluster sampling to investigate their dietary habits. As a result, only 35.4% of construction workers had good eating habits, 79.4% of the construction workers enjoyed a full diet, 14.3% of the construction workers pursued balanced nutrition, 30.1% of the construction workers had irregular meals, partial eclipse and picky eaters were rare (18.7% ), Eating supper (39.4%), fried foods (54.1%) still exist. The higher the age, the higher the education level, the higher the cognitive level of construction workers, the higher the eating habits; construction workers in urban hukou scores higher than the eating habits of rural hukou construction workers; married builders than unmarried, Construction workers who were divorced and widowed had high scores on eating habits (P <0.05). Conclusion The proportion of construction workers with good eating habits is relatively low, mainly related to their age, account location, educational level, marital status and nutrition awareness.