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一、概述巩县属于豫西山地和黄土丘陵的一部分,南部有闻名的中岳嵩山和五指岭等山峰,向北地势渐低,有符山,缑山等。北邻黄河,邙岭沿黄河蜿蜒。全县为一南高北低的地貌景观。区内最大河流伊洛河自西南流向东北注入黄河。其它河流除米河流入汜水河外,其余均由南而北注入伊洛河。年平均降雨量760毫米,多以暴雨形式集中在七、八、九三个月份。本区地下水补给主要为降水入渗和西部伊洛河的侧渗,亦有山间河流以汗流形式而渗入盆地者。地下水总的流向为自西南向东北。二、构造体系巩县属秦岭纬向构造带的东延部份,显著的构造形迹为南部边境近东西向嵩山
First, an overview Gongxian belong to the mountains and loess hills in western Henan part of the southern famous Songshan and Wuziling Ridge and other mountain peaks, north of the terrain is getting low, with Fu Shan, Dangshan and so on. The Yellow River to the north, Lang Ling winding along the Yellow River. The county is a South High North low landscape. The largest river in the region, Yiluo River, flows from the southwest to the northeast into the Yellow River. The other rivers, except Mi River, flow into Huangshui River and the rest are injected into the Yiluo River from south to north. The average annual rainfall of 760 mm, mostly in the form of heavy rain concentrated in seven, eight, nine three months. The recharge of groundwater in this area is mainly caused by the infiltration of precipitation and the lateral infiltration of the Yiluo River in western part of the country. Some mountain river infiltration into basins also takes the form of sweat. The total groundwater flow from southwest to northeast. Second, the structural system Gongxian Qinling latitudinal belt eastward extension of the part of the significant structural features for the southern border near east-west Songshan