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氨气是一种无色而具有强烈刺激性气味的碱性气体,不仅对人和动物健康造成危害,还会对空气造成污染。腐殖土有疏松多孔的结构和羧基、羟基等官能团。实验以腐殖土为原料,采用典型的酸、碱、盐对其进行改性,以扩大比表面积和孔径,来改善腐殖土对氨气的吸附能力。结果表明:用17%的H_2SO_4溶液,液固比为8∶1,60℃活化8 h,105℃下烘干的条件下改性得到的腐殖土比表面积最大,由原样的12 m2·g-1提高到46 m2·g-1,提高3.83倍。改性后的腐殖土中加入1%的甲基纤维素,制成的吸附剂在200℃焙烧2 h,穿透时间由原样的10 min增长到90 min,提高了8倍。穿透吸附量由原样的0.085 mg·g-1增加到2.3 mg·g-1,提高了26倍。
Ammonia is a colorless and strongly irritating odor of alkaline gases, not only harmful to human and animal health, but also to the air pollution. Humus has loose porous structure and carboxyl, hydroxyl and other functional groups. The experiment used humus as raw material, modified it with typical acid, alkali and salt to enlarge the specific surface area and pore size to improve the adsorption capacity of humus to ammonia. The results showed that the specific surface area of humus modified with 17% H 2 SO 4 solution, 8: 1 liquid-solid ratio, 8 ℃, 8 ℃ for 8 h and dried at 105 ℃ was the largest, -1 to 46 m2 · g-1, an increase of 3.83 times. Modified humic soil by adding 1% of methyl cellulose, the adsorbent prepared at 200 ℃ for 2 h, the breakthrough time from the original 10 min to 90 min, an increase of 8 times. The breakthrough adsorption increased from 0.085 mg · g-1 to 2.3 mg · g-1, a 26-fold increase.