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目的探讨某部医院住院部疾病谱特点,为制定针对性的防治措施提供依据。方法利用医院信息管理系统提取2015年住院部病历数据,按照国际疾病分类标准(ICD-9)进行分类,并对疾病谱特点进行分析。结果 2015年系统疾病构成比中,呼吸系统疾病(66.61%)、损伤和中毒(12.57%)以及消化系统疾病(7.18%)是发生率居前3位的系统疾病,占发病总数的86.35%。呼吸系统疾病在各季度均位列发生率第1位,前3个季度中,发生率其次的分别是损伤和中毒、消化系统疾病、皮肤和皮肤下组织疾病。而在第四季度中,传染病和寄生虫病(10.68%)上升到发生率第2位,皮肤和皮肤下组织疾病(5.83%)下降到第4位,损伤和中毒(4.85%)下降到第5位。常见疾病以急性上呼吸道感染(53.32%)为主,其次是肺炎(8.89%)、胃肠炎(7.18%)、软组织损伤(6.64%)、骨折及皮肤病(5.03%),合计占发病总数的85.46%。呼吸道病原体以乙型流感病毒为主,主要在冬春季节高发。结论呼吸系统疾病是某部主要疾病类型,病原体及流行季节清晰,应给予针对性防控,同时应提高对消化系统疾病及皮肤和皮肤下组织疾病的重视。
Objective To investigate the characteristics of disease spectrum in inpatient department of a certain hospital and provide the basis for making targeted prevention and cure measures. Methods The medical records of inpatient department in 2015 were extracted by hospital information management system and classified according to International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9). The characteristics of the disease spectrum were analyzed. Results Among the systematic constitutional diseases, respiratory diseases (66.61%), injuries and poisoning (12.57%) and digestive diseases (7.18%) were the top three systemic diseases in 2015, accounting for 86.35% of the total. Respiratory diseases ranked first in all quarters. In the first three quarters, the second most frequent were injuries and poisonings, digestive diseases, and diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissues. In the fourth quarter, the number of infectious diseases and parasitic diseases (10.68%) rose to the second highest incidence, the incidence of cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue diseases (5.83%) dropped to fourth place and the number of injuries and poisoning (4.85%) dropped to 5th place. Common diseases were mainly acute upper respiratory tract infection (53.32%), followed by pneumonia (8.89%), gastroenteritis (7.18%), soft tissue injury (6.64%), fracture and skin disease (5.03% Of 85.46%. Respiratory pathogens mainly influenza B virus, mainly in the winter and spring seasons. Conclusion Respiratory disease is a major disease type, the pathogens and the epidemic season is clear, should be targeted prevention and control, should also improve the digestive system diseases and skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases attention.