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目的:分析国内文献中纳洛酮不良反应的病例报告,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:检索国内医药数据库,下载原始病例报告,分析发生不良反应的相关因素,并提出合理用药建议。结果:共获得24篇27例纳洛酮不良反应的原始病例报告。其中,30岁以上的患者占74%,静脉滴注和静脉推注给药者占92.6%,不良反应以心血管反应(如心律失常、高血压等)为主,2例因心脏骤停和1例因心肌梗死致死。结论:注意适应证和给药途径的选择,严格控制给药剂量与速度,密切监测用药过程中患者对药物的反应并积极地处理是预防纳洛酮不良反应的有效措施。
Objective: To analyze the case reports of adverse reactions of naloxone in domestic literature and provide references for clinical rational drug use. Methods: Retrieve the domestic medical database, download the original case report, analyze the related factors of adverse reactions, and put forward the rational drug recommendations. Results: A total of 24 original cases of naloxone adverse reactions were reported in 24 cases. Among them, 74% of patients over the age of 30, intravenous infusion and intravenous injection accounted for 92.6% of adverse reactions to cardiovascular reactions (such as arrhythmia, hypertension, etc.) based in 2 cases due to cardiac arrest and One patient died of myocardial infarction. Conclusion: Pay attention to the choice of indications and route of administration, strictly control the dose and speed of administration, and closely monitor the patients’ response to the drugs during the course of medication and actively treat them as effective measures to prevent the adverse reactions of naloxone.