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围岩的应力场和位移场是地下工程设计首先必须解决的主要问题之一。一般通过现场试验来测定,不但费工费时,而且往往很难得到理想效果。七十年代以后,新奥法之所以先进,为许多国家所接受,在于利用现场监测进行反馈,指导设计施工;八十年代又在此基础提出了多种位移反分析的方法,用少数的实测数据分析洞室稳定,获得较为满意的结果。本文采用穆斯海里什维里弹性平面问题的复变函数解法的基本原理,对非圆形地下洞室位移反分析进行了探讨,从理论上推导了应力场和位移场的一系列公式,并利用数理统计方法进行分析计算,通过电子计算机进行试算法能很简捷地确定映射函数,最后提出实际应用的方法步骤。根据某一工程实例计算,说明用此法反馈计算的位移值与位移实测值最大相差11.67×10~(-3)厘米,仅占最大位移实测值7.69％,对工程具有一定的实用价值。
The stress field and displacement field of surrounding rock is one of the main problems that must be solved in underground engineering design. Usually measured by field tests, not only time-consuming and time-consuming, but it is often difficult to get the desired results. After the 1970s, the reason why the new Austrian law was advanced and accepted by many countries was to use on-site monitoring to provide feedback and guide the design and construction; in the 1980s, a variety of displacement analysis methods were proposed on this basis, with a small number of actual measurements. The data analysis was stable in the cavern and satisfactory results were obtained. In this paper, the basic principle of the complex variable solution method of Mossian-Rishvili’s elastic plane problem is used to discuss the displacement analysis of non-circular underground caverns. A series of formulae of the stress field and displacement field are derived theoretically. The use of mathematical statistics methods for analysis and calculation, through the computer to test the algorithm can be very simple to determine the mapping function, and finally put forward practical application of the method steps. According to calculation of a certain project, it is shown that the maximum difference between the measured displacement and the measured actual displacement is 11.67 × 10 -3 cm. It only accounts for 7.69% of the maximum measured displacement, which has certain practical value for the project.