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价格是经济运行的核心、也是当前人们议论的热点问题,受到多方关注。因此,在这里也就价格问题谈两点看法。一、价格水平的变动是符合经济规律的。当今世界各国毫无例外地经历着价格水平的波动,尤其是在经济起飞时期的价格水平,一般都有较大幅度地上升,成为不以人们意志为转移的客观规律。这是因为价格水平变动的原因很多,既有生产要素价格提高的原因,又有经济和政策的原因,既有财政、金融方面的影响,又有生产、流通和分配方面的影响。这样诸多客观因素决定着价格水平的经常变动,所以说,价格水平是在经济生活中的活跃因素。然而,在旧的经济体制下,经济运行主要是通过国民经济计划和国家制定的计划价去实现,把计划经济同商品经济对立起来,排斥和贬低价值规律,单纯依靠行政手段和指令计划去组织复杂多变的经济活动。在这种情况下,价格只能作为核算手段,而调节生产、流通和分配以及指导消费的作用不能得到充分发挥,价格水平不能随其客观因素而变动,供求关系的变化被贬到次要地位,往往通过行政手段和财政补贴的办法控制价格水平的波动,形成暂时稳定的假象,因而财政对价格的补贴逐年大幅度增加,这不仅加重财政的负担,影响经济建设和发展,而且使工资关系和价格体系更加扭曲。
Price is the core of economic operation, and it is also a hot issue that people are currently discussing. It is subject to many concerns. Therefore, here also talk about the price of two points of view. First, the price level changes in line with economic law. All countries in the world today have experienced the volatility of their prices without exception. In particular, the price level in the period of economic take-off has generally risen by a relatively large margin and has become an objective law that does not depend on the will of the people. This is because there are many reasons for the price level change. There are not only the reasons for the price increase of the factors of production, but also the economic and policy reasons, as well as the financial and financial implications as well as the production, distribution and distribution. So many objective factors determine the price level of the regular changes, so that the price level is an active factor in economic life. However, under the old economic system, the economic operation was mainly realized through the national economic plan and the planned prices formulated by the state. The planned economy was opposed to the commodity economy, the laws of value were excluded and belittled, and the reliance was solely on administrative means and instructional plans Complex and volatile economic activities. In this case, the price can only be used as a means of accounting, and the role of regulating the production, distribution and distribution and guiding consumption can not be fully realized. The price level can not be changed according to its objective factors. The change in the supply-demand relationship is relegated to a secondary position , Often through administrative means and financial subsidies to control the fluctuation of price levels to form a temporary illusion of stability, and thus the financial subsidies to prices increased significantly year by year, which not only aggravate the financial burden on economic construction and development, but also the wage relationship And the price system is more distorted.