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本文给出了铝的物质循环流图,铝循环的整个过程包含4个阶段:氧化铝和电解铝的生产阶段,铝制品的加工制造阶段,铝制品的使用阶段和报废铝制品的回收阶段。采用此物质循环流图分析了我国2007年的铝循环状况,得出了以下指标:氧化铝生产阶段、原铝生产阶段和整个铝工业的原料自给率分别为55.50%、79.25%和49.01%;整个铝工业自产废杂铝和进口废杂铝的使用比例分别为5.93%和9.35%。给出了我国2003年—2007年铝工业的物流指标,得出了此阶段原料自给率和废杂铝使用比例的变化。分析了我国2003年—2007年间各种含铝物质的净进口量、铝循环中各种含铝物质损失量和铝社会蓄积量净增量的变化。并给出了我国今后铝工业进出口政策的重点和减少铝损失的工作重点。
This paper presents a material flow diagram of aluminum. The whole process of aluminum recycling consists of four stages: the production of alumina and electrolytic aluminum, the manufacture of aluminum products, the use of aluminum products and the recycling of scrapped aluminum products. Using this material circulation flow diagram, the status of aluminum recycling in China was analyzed and the following indexes were obtained: the alumina production stage, the raw material production rate in the primary aluminum production stage and the entire aluminum industry were 55.50%, 79.25% and 49.01% respectively; The proportion of the domestic aluminum scrap used for the production of aluminum and the imported scrap aluminum were 5.93% and 9.35% respectively. The logistics index of aluminum industry in China from 2003 to 2007 is given, and the change of self-sufficiency ratio of raw materials and the proportion of waste aluminum used in this stage is obtained. This paper analyzes the net imports of various aluminum-bearing substances in China from 2003 to 2007, the changes of various aluminum-containing substances in the aluminum cycle and the net increment of aluminum social stockpiles. And gives the focus of the future import and export policy of China’s aluminum industry and the focus of reducing aluminum loss.