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婴儿营养现状(一)母乳喂养母乳是婴儿最适合的营养品,母乳内含有多种免疫物质。1983年起,曾作过一次全国性母乳喂养调查,总结9万名以上婴儿的喂养情况,其结果,城市4个月龄儿母乳喂养率平均为44.43%,郊区、县为69.92%。实际上,工业化城市的母乳喂养率已降至20%以下。(二)代乳品的研制1.牛乳这是最常用的代乳品,全国有黑白花纯种奶牛50万头,奶山羊200多万只,年供应城市消毒牛乳60万吨。1985年起,全国六大城市由世界粮农组织支援脱脂奶粉和无水黄油,进口后由牛奶公司加水恢复成液体牛奶。此复制奶三成与当地产品七成混合在市场销售。2.豆制代乳品我国自20年代起即已研制了多种豆制代乳品,如北京的5410和上海多维乳儿粉,曾畅销一时。3.鱼肌蛋白和
The status of infant nutrition (A) Breastfeeding Breast milk is the most suitable baby nutrition, breast milk contains a variety of immune substances. Since 1983, a nationwide breastfeeding survey has been conducted to summarize the feeding status of more than 90,000 infants. As a result, the average rate of breastfeeding among urban 4-month-olds was 44.43% and that of suburbs and counties was 69.92%. In fact, breastfeeding rates in industrialized cities have dropped below 20%. (B) the development of milk substitute 1. Milk This is the most commonly used milk substitute, the country has 500,000 purebred dairy cows, milk goat more than 200 million, the city supplies 600,000 tons of milk disinfection. Since 1985, the six major cities in the country are supported by the World Food Program (FAO) for skim milk powder and anhydrous butter. After importing, the milk company reverts to liquid milk with water. This copy of milk into a 30% mixed with local products in the market. 2. Bean milk substitutes China has developed a variety of soybean milk substitutes since the 1920s, such as 5410 in Beijing and Shanghai Multidimensional Baby Milk Powder, which sold well for a while. 3. Fish muscle protein and