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鲍曼社会理论的人类学预设同时强调了人类主体的文化性与伦理性。以往的研究未能充分关注鲍曼的早期思想,这使得其社会理论的文化预设在一定程度上遭到了忽视。“去自然化”是鲍曼早期理论的核心规划,它贯穿于鲍曼对文化、社会主义和批判社会学的讨论之中。鲍曼试图将文化理论和社会学锻造成去自然化的理论武器,从而提供改变社会现状的理论前提。追寻一种更好的社会主义是鲍曼“去自然化”规划的核心目标。为了达成这一目标,知识分子不仅要与社会现状和常识观念展开积极的斗争,更要重新审视自身与社会大众之间的关系。
The anthropological preconceptions of Bowman’s social theory also emphasize the cultural and ethical nature of human subjects. Previous studies failed to pay enough attention to Bowman’s early thoughts, which made the cultural assumptions of his social theory to some extent neglected. Naturalization is the core program of Bowman’s early theory, which runs through Bowman’s discussion of culture, socialism and critical sociology. Bowman attempted to forge cultural theory and sociology into a theoretical weapon for naturalization, thereby providing theoretical premises for changing the status quo of society. Pursuing a better socialism is the core goal of Bowman’s “de-naturalization” plan. In order to achieve this goal, the intellectuals must not only actively fight social reality and common sense concepts, but also re-examine their own relationship with the general public.