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为研究典型杆塔接地体冲击特性,指导接地体设计与优化,采用模拟试验方法,研究单根水平、铁塔型、水泥塔型以及回形接地体冲击特性,对铁塔型接地体进行优化.结果表明:各接地体的冲击接地电阻都随电流幅值的增大而减小,但变化趋势有所不同,多分支状接地体的冲击特性最好;相比于铁塔型接地体,改进多辐射型接地体的冲击接地电阻降低9.2％到15.5％,其地电位分布更加均匀.接地体冲击特性受分支影响较大,多分支的改进型接地体具有更好的冲击特性和更均匀的地电位分布,具有较好的工程应用前景.“,”Impulse grounding characteristics of typical towers are useful for design and optimization of grounding electrodes. Based on simulation experiment, this paper has studied four sorts of electrodes including horizontal electrodes,box electrode with multi-branch, multi-branched electrode in cement tower and clip electrode. The study results show as follows. The impulse grounding resistance decreases with the amplitude of current in different degrees. Impulse characteristics of box electrode with multi-branch is the best one among the tested electrodes. Compared with box electrode with multi-branch, the improved electrode with more multi-branch decreases the impulse grounding resistance about 9.2％ to 15.5 ％; and the potential distribution is more uniform. The impulse characteristics of electrodes are affected by multibranched structure. The improved electrode with more multi-branch has better impulse characteristics and better potential distribution and it can be widely applied to engineering.