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目的探讨碘摄取量对高碘区域小儿智商及其精神运动能力的影响。方法依据本省高碘地区水碘含量的高低分成三组,水碘含量在100~300μg/L设为高碘A组,水碘含量在>500μg/L的设为高碘B组,水碘含量<100μg/L的设为对照组。对各调查点中6~14岁的学生进行智力测试、智商检测及精神运动功能测定,从各组中选取50名智力低下的学生及50名智力正常者作为对照,测试其精神运动功能。结果本研究对本省的20个调查点共计2500名5~13岁的学生进行了智力测验。学生智商与年龄大小有关(P<0.05),与性别相关性不大。高碘组于对照组相比,智商明显较高,智力低下发生率明显较低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对学生进行精神运动功能测试发现,智力低下的学生精神运动功能异常率显著高于智商正常学生(P<0.05);高碘地区学生精神运动功能显著较好,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),精神运动功能与智力水平呈正相关。结论高碘对儿童智力发育未发现有损害现象,但不确定高碘对儿童智力发育有促进作用。精神运动功能与智力水平相关,通过对儿童JPB精神运动功能测试更能全面的体现儿童神经系统损伤情况,运用精神运动功能和智力测验联合可以预测及筛查智利落后的儿童。
Objective To investigate the effects of iodine intake on children’s IQ and their mental motor ability in high-iodine area. The method was divided into three groups according to the level of water iodine in high-iodine area in our province. The water iodine content was set as high iodine group A in the range of 100-300μg / L, the high iodine group B was set in water iodine> 500μg / L, <100 μg / L as control group. Fifty students with mental retardation and 50 mental retardation were selected from each group as intelligence test, IQ test and psychomotor function test, and their psychomotor function was tested. Results In this study, a total of 2500 students from 5 to 13 years old from 20 survey sites in the province were tested for intelligence. Student IQ was related to age (P <0.05), but not to gender. Compared with the control group, the iodine group had a significantly higher IQ and a significantly lower prevalence of mental retardation, with a statistically significant difference (P <0.05). The psychomotor function test of students showed that the mental retardation rate of students with mental retardation was significantly higher than that of IQ normal students (P <0.05); the mental motor function of students in high iodine area was significantly better (P <0.05 ), Mental motor function and intelligence level was positively correlated. Conclusion High iodine has no damage to children’s mental development. However, it is uncertain that high iodine can promote the mental development of children. The psychomotor function is related to intelligence level. Through testing the motor function of JPB, it can fully reflect the nervous system damage in children. Using the combination of psychomotor function and intelligence test, the children in backward Chile can be predicted and screened.