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对1979年杂交水稻汕优3号、四优2号和1985年威优64分期播种的有关数据,采用相关,非线性回归和通径分析杂交水稻的籽粒灌浆特性及其与气候条件的关系。结果表明:1、杂交水稻的弱势粒率较常规稻高,群体籽粒具有明显的二次灌浆高峰。汕优3号的两次高峰分别于开花后第12天和30天。2、杂交水稻自开花至完熟可分为5个时期。其中汕优3号开花后0～5天灌浆缓慢,需要足光和高温。在19～30℃内,灌浆速度与温度成正相关。6～15天以日均温27.28℃、每天日照6.5小时、相对湿度75％为最适。16天至完熟期以日均温22.32℃、相对湿度70～80％为最适。开花后6～10天或16～20天最高温>35℃,对灌浆不利,秕谷率高,减产。3、环境不适或后期叶片早衰,杂交水稻只有一次灌浆高峰,且结实率和粒重均低,减产。故后期田间管理很重要。
Correlation, nonlinear regression and path analysis were used to analyze the grain filling characteristics of hybrid rice and their relationship with climatic conditions based on the data of 1979 sowing hybrid rice Shanyou 3, Siyou 2 and 1985 wei 64. The results showed that: 1. The weaker grain rate of hybrid rice was higher than that of conventional rice, and the population had obvious secondary grouting peak. Shanyou 3 twice the peak at 12 and 30 days after flowering respectively. 2, hybrid rice from flowering to maturity can be divided into 5 periods. Shanyou 3 flowering 0 to 5 days after filling grouting slow, need enough light and heat. In 19 ~ 30 ℃, filling speed and temperature are positively correlated. 6 ~ 15 days average daily temperature 27.28 ℃, 6.5 hours daily sunshine, relative humidity 75% for the best. 16 days to maturity with an average daily temperature of 22.32 ℃, relative humidity of 70 to 80% for the best. After flowering 6 to 10 days or 16 to 20 days the highest temperature> 35 ℃, unfavorable to the grouting, high trough rate, cut. 3, environmental discomfort or premature leaf late decline, hybrid rice only one peak filling, and the seed setting rate and grain weight are low, cut. Therefore, late field management is very important.