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[目的]研究基质的酶活对西瓜育苗效果的影响。[方法]利用腐熟的食用菌菌糠与一定比例的田园土复配作为育苗基质,通过检测基质在西瓜育苗过程中碱性磷酸酶、酸性磷酸酶、中性磷酸酶、脲酶活性的变化,分析基质中p H、有机质含量以及营养成分等因素与酶活性的相关性。在不同的幼苗时期,采集不同育苗配方的根际基质并检测其酶活性。[结果]不同基质的酶活大小有显著差异。通过对不同基质中总氮、总磷、有机质含量与基质根际脲酶、磷酸酶活性大小的相关性分析表明:有机质含量和氮素含量高的基质,其脲酶活性也相对较高;西瓜育苗基质的磷酸酶活性与有机质、全氮、全磷的含量显著相关,p H与植株的根系的碱性磷酸酶呈显著相关性,脲酶的活性较高的基质,其地上部分的干重较高,呈显著正相关;磷酸酶活性较高的基质,其地下部分的干重较重,根下干重与基质的磷酸酶活性呈显著的相关性。[结论]通过育苗基质的酶活性的测定筛选出配方基质M3育苗基质效果较好,其脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、酸性磷酸酶、中性磷酸酶酶活性高于传统农家有机肥。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the effect of matrix enzyme activity on watermelon seedling effect. [Method] With the mixture of decomposed edible fungus bran and a certain proportion of pastoral soil as seedling substrate, the change of alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, neutral phosphatase and urease activity during the seedling raising of watermelon Matrix p H, organic matter content and nutrients and other factors and enzyme activity. In different seedling stage, rhizosphere matrix of different seedling formulas were collected and tested for enzyme activity. [Result] There were significant differences in enzyme activities between different substrates. Through the correlation analysis of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and organic matter content with substrate rhizosphere urease and phosphatase activity in different substrates, the urease activity of the substrate with high organic matter content and nitrogen content is also relatively high; Phosphatase activity was significantly correlated with the content of organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus, p H was significantly correlated with plant alkaline phosphatase, urease activity higher substrate, the aboveground dry weight was higher, Was significantly positive correlation; substrate with higher phosphatase activity, the underground part of the heavy dry weight, root dry weight and substrate phosphatase activity was significantly correlated. [Conclusion] The results showed that the matrix of M3 seedling was better than the traditional organic fertilizer. The activity of urease, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase and neutral phosphatase was higher than that of traditional farm organic manure.