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为研发高效低毒的苹果树腐烂病生防制剂,采用菌丝生长速率法分别研究了不同表面活性剂、防腐剂、紫外保护剂和载体在不同浓度下对解淀粉芽孢杆菌TS-1203菌株生长及其抑菌活性的影响。助剂筛选结果表明:TS-1203的最适表面活性剂为吐温-80,其质量分数为0.50%、培养48h时,对苹果树腐烂病菌的抑制率为88.90%,与对照无显著差异;最适防腐剂为柠檬酸三钠,其质量分数为0.10%、培养48h时,对苹果树腐烂病菌的抑制率为93.39%,显著高于对照;最适紫外保护剂为木质素磺酸钠,其质量分数为0.50%、培养48h时,对苹果树腐烂病菌的抑制率为84.18%,显著高于对照。采用响应面法对TS-1203生防制剂的最佳助剂条件进行了优化,得其最佳配比为:65mL发酵液中分别加入650μL吐温-80、164.58 mg柠檬酸钠及308.12 mg木质素磺酸钠,在此条件下,TS-1203菌剂对苹果树腐烂病菌的抑制率最高,达84.78%。载体筛选结果表明,硅藻土对TS-1203菌株生长促进作用最强,但易分层;海藻酸钠对该菌株生长抑制作用最强;有机膨润土为最佳载体。
In order to develop efficient and low toxicity apple tree rot disease prevention agents, mycelial growth rate method were used to study the growth of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TS-1203 under different concentrations of different surfactants, preservatives, UV protectants and carriers And its antibacterial activity. The results of the additive screening showed that the optimum surfactant of TS-1203 was Tween-80, the mass fraction of TS-1203 was 0.50%, and the inhibitory rate against spoilage of apple tree was 88.90% The optimum preservative is trisodium citrate, the mass fraction of which is 0.10%. After 48h cultivation, the inhibition rate against apple tree rot is 93.39%, which is significantly higher than that of the control. The optimum UV protection agent is sodium lignosulfonate, Its mass fraction was 0.50%. When cultured for 48h, the inhibition rate against apple tree rot was 84.18%, which was significantly higher than that of the control. Response surface method was used to optimize the optimum conditions for TS-1203 biocontrol agent. The optimal ratio was 650μL Tween-80, 164.58 mg sodium citrate and 308.12 mg wood Under these conditions, TS-1203 had the highest inhibitory rate of 84.78% against apple tree rot. The results of vector screening showed that diatomite had the strongest promoting effect on the growth of TS-1203 strain, but was easily delaminated. Sodium alginate had the strongest inhibitory effect on the growth of the strain, and organic bentonite was the best carrier.