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目的以前瞻性方法研究哺乳期妇女两个时期放置活性宫内节育器(IUD)一年避孕效果和副反应。方法产后30~42d(产褥期)、90~110d分两组放置IUD,于放置后1月、产后6、9、12个月进行B超及妇科问诊随访,统一标准,进行避孕效果及副反应比较。结果带器妊娠在产褥期和产后90d组分别为1.65%和1.85%,脱落率分别为2.48%和1.85%,两组比差异无显著性(P>0.05),主要副反应为点滴出血和月经过多。结论产褥期与产后90d放置IUD的避孕效果及副反应差异无显著性,产后妇女恶露干净后可在知情选择下尽早落实长效避孕措施。
Objective To investigate the one-year contraceptive effect and side effects of active intrauterine device (IUD) placed in lactating women during the two periods in a prospective manner. Methods IUD was placed in two groups from 30 to 42 days postpartum (puerperium) and 90 to 110 days after operation. The patients were followed up for 6 months, 6 months, 9 months and 12 months postpartum by B ultrasound and gynecological examination. The contraception and side effects Compare Results The pregnancy rate was 1.65% and 1.85% in the puerperium and 90 days postpartum respectively. The rates of exfoliation were 2.48% and 1.85% respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). The main side effects were spot bleeding and menses many. Conclusions There was no significant difference in contraceptive effect and adverse reaction between puerperium and 90 days postpartum placement for IUD. After the lochia of postpartum women was clean, the long-term contraception could be implemented as early as possible with informed choice.