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目的研究中国不同地理居群鱼腥草药材的遗传多样性。方法选取分布于我国13个省市的15个不同居群288份鱼腥草样本,进行AFLP分析,POPGENE及MEGA软件分析处理数据。结果通过筛选得到10对AFLP引物,扩增得到110条带,其中70.51%条为多态性条带;有效等位基因数为1.210,Nei′s多样性指数H为0.119,Shannon多样性指数I为0.186;15个居群遗传距离系数0.008 9~0.181 8;用MEGA软件进行UPMGA聚类分析,15个居群的鱼腥草材料被分为3个大分支。其中峨眉蕺菜最先与其他居群分开,表明它与其他居群之间的亲缘关系较远。其他2个大的分支按地域聚在一起。结论我国鱼腥草居群间存在较高多态性,遗传多样性较为丰富。
Objective To study the genetic diversity of Houttuynia herbs in different geographical populations in China. Methods 288 Houttuynia cordata samples from 15 different populations distributed in 13 provinces and cities of China were selected for AFLP analysis and POPGENE and MEGA software analysis and processing data. Results Ten pairs of AFLP primers were screened and 110 bands were amplified, of which 70.51% were polymorphic bands. The number of effective alleles was 1.210, Nei’s diversity index H was 0.119, Shannon’s diversity index I Was 0.186. The genetic distance coefficients of 15 populations ranged from 0.008 9 to 0.181 8. UPMGA cluster analysis using MEGA software showed that 15 populations of Houttuynia cordata were divided into three major branches. Among them, Emei is the first to be separated from other populations, indicating that it is distant from other populations. The other two big branches are grouped by region. Conclusion There is a high polymorphism among the populations of Houttuynia cordata in our country, and the genetic diversity is rich.