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外部事物世界与内部心灵世界的关系问题,在经典哲学中导致了经验论与唯理论之间的争论,而在当代知识论中则衍生出了外在论与内在论之间的对立。在这些争论与对立之中,知识论哲学家最为关心的问题,就是知觉知识的问题。当代知识论的研究在知觉知识问题上取得了实质性的进展,这一点主要体现在“知识论的析取主义”对知觉知识的阐释上。知识论的析取主义主张,知觉知识在具有内在的反思性理由的同时,也要兼具事实性的要素,从而调和了外在论与内在论之间的争论。此外,这一理论还为解决怀疑主义难题提供了新的思路。
The relationship between the external world of things and the inner world of spirituality led to the debate between empiricism and rationalism in classical philosophy, whereas in contemporary epistemology the opposition between externalism and internalism was derived. Among these controversies and antagonisms, the philosopher of knowledge most concerned about is the issue of perceptual knowledge. The study of contemporary epistemology has made substantial progress on the issue of perceptual knowledge, which is mainly reflected in the interpretation of perceptual knowledge by “epistemological disjunctiveism.” Epistemic advocacy of epistemology, sensory knowledge with inherent reflective reason, but also both factual elements, thus reconciling the debate between externalism and internalism. In addition, this theory provides new ideas for solving the skepticism.