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民族独立问题是当前国际情势中的重要问题之一。目前的民族独立问题的特点,在於它已不仅仅如我们过去所了解的,外殖民地和附属国人民挣脱帝国主义的统治、要求民族独立解放的问题,而且是独立生存受到威胁的国家的人民争取民族独立和维护民族主权的问题了。殖民地和附属国人民争取民族独立解放的斗争是同帝国主义的殖民制度同时发生的。“这些具有悠久文化的伟大的民族,曾经为了虚假的进步被剥夺了进步的权利的民族,现在已经醒来了。”(爱伦堡)他们之中有的已经获得了自由、独立和解放,有的正在进行着英勇的斗争而即将获得胜利。这是大家所熟知的事实,也是我们过去对於民族独立问题的一般认识。但是第二次世界大战後的新的情势已使民族独立问题具有新的涵义和特点,这就是民族独立问题不仅存在於殖民地和附属国家中,而且存在於许多殖民帝国和大国之中了。这就是说,在英、法、荷、比等殖民国家和意、德(西德)日本等国家中,争取民族独立和维护民族主权已成为这些国家中的人民的重要任务之一了。为什麽这些一向以掠夺和屠杀殖民地人民为能事的殖民国家现在也发生了民族独立问题呢?很显然,这是由於第二次世界大战後的新情势所造成的。“第二次世界大战刚一结束,美国就背弃了德黑兰、雅尔塔和波茨坦大国会议决议所奠定的、战时盟国所奉行的一致同意的政策方针。美国以一系列的侵略
The issue of national independence is one of the important issues in the current international situation. The current issue of national independence is characterized not only by the fact that it is not only the people of the countries in the outer colonies and dependent countries who have escaped the rule of imperialism but also the national independence and liberation as long ago as we know it, National independence and the issue of safeguarding national sovereignty. The struggle of the peoples of the colonies and the dependent countries for national independence and liberation took place simultaneously with the colonialist system of imperialism. “These great peoples, with their long culture, who were once deprived of progressive rights for false advancement, have now woken up.” (Ehrenburg) Some of them have gained freedom, independence and liberation, Some are going on a brave fight and are about to win. This is a well-known fact as well as our general understanding of the question of national independence in the past. However, the new situation after the Second World War has given new meaning and characteristics to the problem of national independence. That is why the issue of national independence exists not only in the colonies and affiliated countries, but also in many colonial empires and major powers. This means that striving for national independence and safeguarding national sovereignty among the colonial countries such as Britain, France, the Netherlands, Belgium and Italy, Germany (Germany) and Japan have become one of the important tasks of the people in these countries. Why did these colonial powers, which have always been capable of plundering and slaughtering the colonial people, now have national independence? It is clear that this is due to the new situation after the Second World War. Immediately after the end of World War II, the United States renounced the unanimous policy principle pursued by wartime allies as laid down in the resolution of the Conferences of Majorities Tehran, Yalta and Potsdam, and the United States adopted a series of policies of aggression