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从心理学的角度来讲,任何旧的知识,技能,对于学习新的知识、技能,都既有重要的迁移作用,又都会产生一定的干扰作用。这种干扰作用,主要是旧的知识,技能以及在学习中所形成的思维习惯, 已形成了“动力定型”。而在学习某种新的知识、技能时又往往必须打破这种“动力定型”,用另一种思维方式去进行思考。如果不是这样,“动力定型”就会持续地影响到“当前的心理状态”,致使学习新的东西就感到十分困难了。在学生们比较顺利地学习、掌握了正规节奏之后,学习、掌握变化节奏常常会感到十分困难。比如:(?)和(?I)这两种节奏,对多数学生来说往往感到束手无策。尤其县后者。
From a psychological point of view, any old knowledge and skills, both for learning new knowledge and skills, both have an important role in the transfer, but also have a disruptive effect. This disruptive effect, mainly old knowledge, skills and the habit of thinking formed in learning, has become “dynamic stereotyping.” In learning a new kind of knowledge and skills, it is often necessary to break this “dynamic stereotyping” and use another way of thinking to think. If this is not the case, “dynamic stereotyping” will continue to affect “the current state of mind,” making it difficult to learn new things. After students learn more smoothly and master regular rhythm, it is often difficult to learn and master the changing rhythm. For example: (?) And (? I) these two rhythms, most students often feel helpless. In particular, the latter county.