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美国是世界经济和贸易大国,其贸易货物主要以海运方式输入和输出。从港口集装箱吞吐量来看,美国是仅次于我国的集装箱运输大国。2014年,美国沿海港口完成集装箱吞吐量4 649万TEU,占当年全球海港集装箱吞吐总量的约6.8%。与欧洲国家自动化集装箱码头发展较早的情况(欧洲国家早在1993年就出现了运作成熟的自动化集装箱码头~[1])不同,尽管美国科技研究、开发和应用能力较强,但在过去很长一段时间内,由于美国码头工人担心自动化集装箱码头会减少其工作机会,码头工
The United States is a big country in the world economy and trade and its trade goods are mainly imported and exported by sea. From the perspective of port container throughput, the United States is the second largest container shipping country in China. In 2014, the U.S. coastal ports completed 46.49 million TEU of containers, accounting for about 6.8% of the total global container throughput of the year. In contrast to the earlier development of automated container terminals in European countries (the well-functioning automated container terminals appeared in European countries back in 1993 ~ [1]), although the United States has a strong research and development and application capacity in science and technology, in the past it was Over time, as U.S. dockers are concerned that automated container terminals will reduce their job opportunities, dockers