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油页岩是目前油气领域里新的研究热点,也是国家今后长期勘探开发的重点。前人及我们最近的研究结果表明,宁夏中卫上下河沿地区存在与煤伴生的油页岩资源。油页岩赋存于晚石炭世—早二叠世太原组之中。成矿环境为晚古生代奥拉谷构造背景条件下的浅海—海湾泻湖—三角洲环境。矿区构造较为复杂,总体为一向北推覆、推覆面南倾的区域性大型推覆构造。逆掩断层产状较陡,倾角达60°～75°,构成断层相关褶皱。油页岩呈层状,夹于煤系地层之中,受断层相关褶皱控制,产状与相关地层产状一致,总的呈一不对称的向斜构造。厚度及产状变化较大,一般厚度1m左右。油页岩一般为黑灰色,致密而细腻,具油质感,有沥青味,贝壳状断口,较坚硬,易破碎,风化后呈纸片状、薄片状,小刀刻之见明显的亮痕。含油率1.5～9.35%,低位发热量0.02 MJ/Kg～6.07 MJ/Kg。视比重一般1.79～2.57。具有工业价值的层位是油1和油3。查明油页岩资源量(121+333)400×104t,是开采炼油的理想地段。
Oil shale is a new research hotspot in the oil and gas field at present, and it is also the key point of the country’s long-term exploration and development in the future. The results of our predecessors and our recent research show that there are oil shale resources associated with coal in upper and lower riverside areas of Zhongwei, Ningxia. Oil shale occurs in the Late Carboniferous-Early Permian Taiyuan Formation. The ore-forming environment is a shallow sea-bay lagoon-delta environment under the Late Paleozoic Ouran valley tectonic setting. The structure of the mining area is rather complex, with the overall large-scale large-scale nappe structure that has been thrust northward and pushed southward. The overthrust faulting appears steep with a dip angle of 60 ° -75 °, forming fault-related folds. The oil shale is stratified and sandwiched between coal strata and controlled by fault-related folds. The occurrence of the oil shale is consistent with that of the related strata and generally shows an asymmetrical syncline structure. Thickness and shape change, the general thickness of about 1m. Oil shale is generally dark gray, dense and delicate, with oil texture, a bitumen flavor, shell-like fracture, more hard, easily broken, weathered paper was flaky, flaky, knife engraved obvious marks. Oil content 1.5 ~ 9.35%, low calorie 0.02 MJ / Kg ~ 6.07 MJ / Kg. Depending on the proportion of general 1.79 ~ 2.57. Horizons of industrial value are Oil 1 and Oil 3. Identifying oil shale resources (121 + 333) 400 × 104t, is an ideal location for oil refining.