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贮藏蛋白组成是决定小麦加工品质的重要因素。本文调查了我国冬播麦区251份主栽品种和高代品系的高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)、低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(LMW-GS)和1B/1R易位的分布状况,研究了它们与加工品质性状的关系。结果表明,品质较差的HMW-GSN、7+9、2+12和LMW-GSGlu-A3a与Glu-B3j(1B/1R易位)在冬播麦区分布较广,频率分别为39.4%、45.0%、59.8%、37.1%和44.6%。HMW-GS和LMW-GS等位变异对籽粒蛋白质含量影响较小,对SDS沉降值、和面时间与耐揉性的加性和互作效应达1%的显著水平。按位点对加工品质性状的贡献大小,Glu-D1>Glu-B3>Glu-B1>Glu-A3>Glu-A1;就单个亚基而言,Glu-A1位点,1>2*>N;Glu-B1位点,7+8>14+15>7+9;Glu-D1位点,5+10>4+12>2+12;Glu-A3位点,Glu-A3d>Glu-A3a>Glu-A3c>Glu-A3e,Glu-B3位点;Glu-B3d>Glu-B3b>Glu-B3f>Glu-B3j。1B/1R易位对SDS沉降值、和面时间和耐揉性等加工品质性状有显著负面效应。通过选择优质高低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基和淘汰1B/1R易位系,将有助于提高我国小麦的面筋质量。
Storage protein composition is an important factor in determining the quality of wheat processing. This paper investigated the distribution of high molecular weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS), low molecular weight glutenin subunit (LMW-GS) and 1B / 1R translocation in 251 main cultivars and high-yield lines in winter-sown areas of China. , Studied their relationship with the processing quality traits. The results showed that HMW-GSN, 7 + 9,2 + 12 and LMW-GSGlu-A3a and Glu-B3j (1B / 1R translocation) were widely distributed in the winter-sown areas with frequencies of 39.4% 45.0%, 59.8%, 37.1% and 44.6%. Allele variation of HMW-GS and LMW-GS had little effect on grain protein content, and reached significant level of 1% on SDS sedimentation value, additive and interaction effect on SDS time and rubbing resistance. Glu-D1> Glu-B3> Glu-B1> Glu-A3> Glu-A1. For single subunit, Glu-A1 locus, 1> 2 *> N ; Glu-B1 locus, 7 + 8> 14 + 15> 7 + 9; Glu-D1 locus, 5 + 10> 4 + 12> 2 + 12; Glu-A3 locus, Glu-A3d> Glu-A3a > Glu-A3c> Glu-A3e, Glu-B3 site; Glu-B3d> Glu-B3b> Glu-B3f> Glu-B3j. 1B / 1R translocation had a significant negative effect on processing quality traits such as SDS sedimentation, surface time and rubbing resistance. By selecting high-quality low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits and eliminating 1B / 1R translocations, it will help to improve the gluten quality of wheat in China.