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今年,诺贝尔经济学奖颁给了奥利弗·哈特和本格特·霍斯特罗姆这两位研究契约理论的学者。前者的主要贡献在不完全契约理论,后者的主要贡献在完全契约理论。不完全契约理论,主要用于解决剩余控制权问题。即,在契约各方意见不一致时,谁是有权做出决定的人。完全契约理论,主要用于解决道德风险和逆向选择问题。哈特认为,剩余控制权应该给对社会总福利贡献最大的一方。有趣的是,霍斯特罗姆抛弃派别之分,与哈特联合发表了一篇不完全契约理论的文章,用不完全契约理论的最新视角重新
This year, the Nobel Prize for Economics was awarded to two scholars who studied the theory of contract, Oliver Hart and Bengt Hostrrom. The main contribution of the former is incomplete contract theory, the latter’s main contribution is in complete contract theory. Incomplete contract theory, mainly used to solve the problem of residual control. That is, who is the right to make a decision when the parties to the contract disagree. The theory of complete contract is mainly used to solve the problem of moral hazard and adverse selection. Hart believes that the residual right of control should give the party who contributes the most to the total social welfare. Interestingly, Hoström abandoned the factional divide and co-published an article on incomplete contract theory with Hart, re-using the latest perspective of incomplete contract theory