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本文通过构建非农就业机会约束下的农地流转模型,并基于微观调查数据,运用双变量Probit方法,对城乡工资水平差距对农地流转的影响进行了实证检验。研究发现,城乡工资水平差距是农户产生流转意愿的重要原因,土地流转市场缺失与地权不稳定造成的交易成本过高是影响农地流转行为的关键因素。据此,本文的政策启示如下,应在新型城镇化进程中促进非农就业岗位稳定增长,建立健全土地流转市场,推进城乡户籍和社保等制度一体化,加快推进“三权分置”以切实维护农民土地流转权益,制定差异化土地流转政策,促进土地高效有序流转,助推农业现代化与城镇化、工业化、信息化协同发展。
Based on the micro-survey data and the bivariate Probit method, this paper empirically tests the impact of rural-urban wage gap on the farmland transfer by constructing farmland transfer models subject to non-agricultural employment opportunities. The study finds that the gap between urban and rural wage levels is an important reason for farmers' willingness to transfer their assets. The lack of a market for land transfer and the high transaction costs caused by instability of land ownership are the key factors affecting the transfer of agricultural land. Therefore, the policy implications of this article are as follows: We should promote the steady growth of non-agricultural employment in the process of new urbanization, establish and improve the land transfer market, promote the integration of urban and rural household registration and social security systems and accelerate the promotion of the “separation of powers” In order to earnestly safeguard the rights and interests of peasants in the circulation of land, formulate policies on the transfer of differentiated land, promote the efficient and orderly transfer of land, and promote the coordinated development of agricultural modernization, urbanization, industrialization and informationization.