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目的探讨极低频电磁场对大鼠脑电图及脑组织结构的影响。方法选用二级雄性Wistar大鼠48只,随机分为对照组和磁场暴露组,每组24只,磁场暴露组大鼠置于ELF-EMFS(50 Hz,400μT,<1V/M)中连续暴露60 d。终止暴露后6 h、7 d、15 d和30 d,采用MP150生理监测仪监测脑电图近似熵和功率谱分布;采用光镜观察大脑皮层组织结构。结果 (1)磁场组大鼠脑电图(EEG)于暴露后6 h和7 d,近似熵降低;(2)磁场组大鼠EEG信号于6 h出现δ频段相对功率值呈升高改变,而β频段相对功率值降低;对照组和入场前磁场组大鼠EEG基本节律为30μV左右的β波及少量不典型α波,偶见低幅θ波和δ波,磁场组大鼠θ波和δ波增多以及波幅增加,以β波为主要节律。(3)磁场组大鼠大脑皮层神经元呈缺血性改变。结论极低频电磁场暴露会导致大鼠EEG近似熵降低、功率谱分布异常及脑组织结构损伤,且此改变主要发生于终止暴露后早期。
Objective To investigate the effect of very low frequency electromagnetic fields on the EEG and brain tissue of rats. Methods Forty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group and exposure group (24 rats in each group). Rats exposed to magnetic field were continuously exposed to ELF-EMFS (50 Hz, 400 μT, <1V / M) 60 d. At 6 h, 7 d, 15 d and 30 d after termination of exposure, the approximate entropy and power spectral distribution of EEG were monitored by MP150 physiological monitor. The structure of cerebral cortex was observed with light microscope. Results (1) The approximate entropy of electroencephalogram (EEG) decreased in magnetic field group 6 h and 7 d after exposure. (2) The relative power value of EEG signal in magnetic field group increased at 6 h, While the relative power of β-band decreased. The basic rhythm of EEG in control group and pre-admission magnetic field was about 30μV β-wave and a small amount of atypical α-wave, and occasionally low-amplitude θ-wave and δ-wave, Increased δ-wave amplitude and increase to β-wave as the main rhythm. (3) Magnetic field rats cerebral cortex neurons showed ischemic changes. CONCLUSIONS: Extreme low frequency electromagnetic field exposure leads to reduced entropy of EEG, abnormal distribution of power spectrum and damage of brain tissue structure. The change mainly occurs in the early post-exposure period.