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目的 本研究以小胶质细胞作为中枢神经系统对损伤反应和免疫防护的一种标志 ,在伽玛刀治疗仪中用不同剂量的伽玛射线照射正常大鼠前脑一侧尾壳核 ,探讨小胶质细胞与射线损伤的剂量 -效应关系 ,为伽玛刀的治疗剂量选择提供依据 .方法 以 OX42抗体作为检测小胶质细胞的标志 ,用免疫组织化学方法观察小胶质细胞在照射靶区及其周围组织的形态和数量变化 .结果 1低剂量 (10～ 30 Gy)射线照射时 ,小胶质细胞数目在照射侧增加 ,而对侧各组织阳性细胞数较少 ;2中剂量 (4 0～ 6 0 Gy)照射时 ,照射靶区 (尾壳核 )阳性细胞数目减少 ,且靶区及其周围组织出现活化小胶质细胞即胞体变大 ,形态多样 ,突起变短、少 ;3大剂量 (70～ 10 0 Gy)照射时 ,照射靶区出现坏死空洞 ,该空洞随剂量加大而增大 ,靶区及其周围组织水肿 ,且小胶质细胞变为吞噬细胞状并且胞体内可见吞噬颗粒 ,对侧脑中阳性细胞数目增多但形态上仍多为分枝状小胶质细胞 .结论 以上结果表明小胶质细胞是中枢神经系统损伤的敏感指标 ;靶区的损伤程度与照射剂量成正相关 ;靶区周围组织随靶区损伤程度不同而在细胞数量和形态上有不同的表现
In this study, microglial cells as a central nervous system damage response and immune protection as a marker in the gamma knife treatment with different doses of gamma irradiation normal rat caudate putamen nucleus on one side of the forebrain The dose-effect relationship between microglial cells and radiation injury provided the basis for the selection of therapeutic dose of Gamma Knife.Methods OX42 antibody was used as a marker to detect microglial cells.Immunohistochemistry was used to observe the effect of microglial cells on irradiation target The number of microglial cells increased at the irradiation side and the number of the positive cells in the contralateral side was less than that at the low dose (10 ~ 30 Gy) 4 0 ~ 60 Gy), the numbers of positive cells in the irradiated target (caudate putamen) decreased, and the activated microglia appeared in the target area and its surrounding tissues, In the high dose (70 ~ 100 Gy) irradiation, necrotic voids appeared in the target area, which increased with dose increasing. The target area and its surrounding tissues were edematous, and microglia became phagocytic and cytoplasm Visible in the body Phagocytosis of particles, the number of contralateral brain positive cells increased but the morphology is still mostly branched microglia.Conclusion The above results show that microglial cells are sensitive indicators of central nervous system injury; target area damage and irradiation dose Are positive correlation; target area surrounding tissue damage with the extent of the target cell number and morphology of different performance