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目的监测甘肃省2009年-2012年度流感病例,掌握季节性流感优势毒株的变化及流行特征,为流感防制提供科学依据。方法全省19家国家级流感监测哨点医院采集流感样病例的咽拭子,以荧光定量PCR方法检测病毒核酸,用犬肾细胞(MDCK)进行病毒分离培养,送中国疾病预防控制中心进行复核及序列分析。结果共采集标本38 937份,检测出流感核酸阳性8 257例,2009年第14周~2013年第13周流感病毒核酸阳性率依次为31.22%、14.28%、13.29%和13.46%。对7 146份标本进行病毒分离,分离到病毒1 170株,其中新甲型H1N1 412株,季节性H3 217株,季节性H1 9株,B型Victorian系411株,Yamagata系121株。按年龄组分析,<5岁婴幼儿检出率最低为13.46%,显著低于其他年龄组;15岁~25岁最高为32.12%。结论在流感病毒检出率较高的年龄组、地区和月份,应加强流感的预防控制;流感流行每年均有一个高峰,病毒型别表现为交替流行的规律。
Objective To monitor the cases of influenza in 2009-2012 in Gansu Province and to master the changes and epidemic characteristics of the predominant strains of seasonal influenza and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of influenza. Methods Throat swabs were collected from 19 influenza-like sentinel hospitals across the province. Fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect the viral nucleic acid. The virus was isolated from canine kidney cells (MDCK) and sent to China CDC for review And sequence analysis. Results A total of 38 937 samples were collected, of which 8 257 were positive for influenza nucleic acid. The positive rate of influenza virus nucleic acid was 31.22%, 14.28%, 13.29% and 13.46% respectively from the 14th week of 2009 to the 13th week of 2013. A total of 1 170 strains of viruses were isolated from 7 146 samples, of which 412 were new type A H1N1, seasonal H3 217, seasonal H1 9, type B Victorian and 121 Yamagata. Analyzed by age group, the lowest detection rate of infants <5 years old was 13.46%, significantly lower than other age groups; the highest was 32.12% from 15 years old to 25 years old. Conclusion Influenza prevention and control should be strengthened in the age groups, regions and months with higher detection rates of influenza viruses. Influenza epidemics have a peak every year, and the virus types show an alternating epidemic pattern.