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列奥·斯特劳斯终生关切的中心议题就是西方现代性,他的研究涉及了这个问题的基本方面。在他看来,西方现代性的基本特点是:现代人以自身的力量和手段,把超越的、神圣的、彼岸的信仰彻底地付诸实践,使之现实化、世俗化、此岸化。他用三次浪潮说明西方现代性的变迁,其中,现代政治哲学首先从观念上引发了注重功利性的西方现代性的第一次浪潮;第二次浪潮尝试以理想弥补前者的局限,却显示出严重的危机;虚无主义加剧了第三次浪潮的危机。研究列奥·斯特劳斯关于现代性的三次浪潮理论,不仅有助于我们了解他对西方现代性的宏观把握,有利于我们认识西方现代性,同时也能够促进我们对中国问题的认识。
The central topic of lifelong concern with Leo Strauss is the West’s modernity. His research addresses the basic aspects of the issue. In his view, the basic characteristics of Western modernity are: the modern people thoroughly put into practice the surpassing, sacred, and other beliefs of their own by their own strength and means, making them realistic, secularized and demarcated. He used three tides to illustrate the vicissitudes of modernity in the West. Among them, the first modern philosophy of politics triggered the first wave of utilitarian Western modernity from the conceptual point of view. The second wave of attempts to make up for the limitations of the ideal with ideal shows that Serious crisis; nihilism exacerbated the crisis of the third wave. Studying Leo Strauss’ theory of three waves of modernity not only helps us to understand his macroscopic grasp of western modernity, but also helps us to understand western modernity and at the same time promote our understanding of China’s problems.