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多金属结核/结壳是海洋中最重要的固体沉积矿产之一,蕴藏丰富的铁、锰、铜、钴、镍等金属元素,也是稀土元素的富集体。利用等离子质谱仪/光谱仪对太平洋、大西洋、印度洋及南海北部海多金属结核/结壳11个样品25份试样的稀土含量进行了分析,多金属结核/结壳中稀土平均含量为1265.57×10-6,其中结核平均含量为1096.96×10-6,结壳平均含量1623.88×10-6,大大超过地壳和沉积岩的平均含量。稀土元素的富集主要受控于结核/结壳中铁、锰氧化物及粘土矿物对海水和沉积物中稀土元素的吸附作用,Ce元素高度富集,使其成为多金属结核/结壳矿产开发中可能最先利用的稀土元素之一。
Polymetallic nodules / crusts are one of the most important solid mineral deposits in the oceans. They are rich in metal elements such as iron, manganese, copper, cobalt and nickel and are also rich in rare earth elements. The REE contents of 25 samples of 11 polymetallic nodules / crusts from the Pacific, the Atlantic, the Indian Ocean and the northern South China Sea were analyzed by means of a plasma mass spectrometer / spectrometer. The average content of rare earth in the polymetallic nodules / crusts was 1265.57 × 10 -6, of which the average content of tuberculosis was 1096.96 × 10-6, the average content of crusts was 1623.88 × 10-6, much higher than the average content of crust and sedimentary rocks. The enrichment of rare earth elements is mainly controlled by the adsorption of rare earth elements in seawater and sediments by iron, manganese oxide and clay minerals in the nodules / crusts, and the high concentration of Ce elements makes it a polymetallic nodule / crust mineral development One of the rare earths that may be the first to be used.