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目的观察下肢肌力锻炼和功率车锻炼对30 d-6°头低位卧床引起骨丢失的防护效果,为筛选航天员暴露于空间微重力环境下运动锻炼方法提供参考。方法15名男性青年受试者分为卧床对照组、下肢肌力锻炼组和功率车锻炼组,每组5人,在30 d-6°头低位卧床期间,两个运动锻炼组共进行了25 d(次)的运动锻炼,下肢肌力组每天锻炼16~18 min,功率车组每天锻炼30 min。分别于卧床前和起床后测量了全身骨密度(BMD QDR-4500/W Hologic)和腰椎骨小梁比值(CTPhilips-Mx-8000)。结果与卧床前相比,对照组卧床以后全身骨矿含量显著下降(P<0.05)、左髋总骨密度和右髋大转子骨密度显著下降(P<0.01),第2~4腰椎骨小梁比值显著下降(P<0.05),功率车锻炼组虽然全身骨密度显著增加,但是第3~4腰椎骨密度却显著下降(P<0.05),下肢肌力锻炼组全身和腰椎及髋部等承重部位的骨矿含量和骨密度均无明显下降。结论30 d-6°头低位卧床可引起腰椎和髋骨等承重部位明显的骨丢失,功率车锻炼方法不能改善腰椎部位的骨丢失,下肢肌力锻炼方法对于维持全身和承重部位的骨密度具有明显的防护效果,该结果将对我国载人航天飞行失重对抗措施方案的制定提供重要的参考。
Objective To observe the protective effects of lower extremity muscular exercises and power car exercises on the bone loss induced by 30 d-6 ° low bed rest in order to provide reference for the screening of astronauts exposed to space micro-gravity environment exercise training methods. Methods Fifteen young male subjects were divided into control group, lower limb muscle strength training group and power car exercise group with 5 in each group. During the 30 d-6 ° low bed rest period, two exercise groups performed 25 d (times) exercise training, lower extremity strength training group daily exercise 16 ~ 18 min, power train exercise 30 min every day. Whole body BMD (BMD QDR-4500 / W Hologic) and lumbar trabecular ratio (CTPhilips-Mx-8000) were measured before bedtime and after waking up. Results Compared with those before bed rest, the bone mineral content of the control group decreased significantly (P <0.05), the total BMD of the left hip and the right trochanter decreased significantly (P <0.01), and the size of the 2nd to 4th lumbar vertebrae (P <0.05). Although BMD of power car exercise group increased significantly, BMD of 3 ~ 4 lumbar vertebrae decreased significantly (P <0.05), body weight, lumbar spine and hip of lower limbs exercising group Bone mineral content and bone mineral density did not decline significantly. Conclusions 30 d-6 ° head-down ambulation can cause obvious bone loss in the lumbar and hip joints. Power car exercise can not improve the bone loss in the lumbar spine. The lower limb muscle strength training method has the following functions Obvious protective effect. This result will provide important reference for the formulation of countermeasures against weight loss in China’s manned space flight.