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目的 了解儿童下呼吸道感染中流感嗜血杆菌的分离率及耐药性,为临床治疗提供依据.方法 选择临床分离的流感嗜血杆菌173株,对其进行生物分型、血清分型及β-内酰胺酶测定,同时用K-B法做药敏试验.结果 流感嗜血杆菌阳性分离率为13.9％,生物Ⅱ型占32.0％、Ⅲ型占42.0％,血清b型为21.3％,β-内酰胺酶阳性率为34.4％.结论 流感嗜血杆菌是儿童下呼吸道感染的重要病原菌,其β-内酰胺酶阳性率较高,应引起临床重视.“,”Objective To understand the antimicrobial resistance and isolation rates of Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) from children with acute lower respiratory tract infection.Methods Hi was isolated and identified by biochemistry tests and serotyped by Hi antiserum.β-1actamase was tested by Cephalosporins tanner thiaphenol method and antimicrobial sensitivity was determined by Kirby-Bauer method.Results 173 strains were isolated from 1 248 sputum specimens,of which biological type Ⅱ,Ⅲ and serotype b were accounted for 32.0％,42.0％ and 21.3％,respectively; the prevalence of β-lactamase was 34.4％.Conclusion Hi is the common pathogen of lower respiratory tract infection in children and higher rates of β-lactamase should be taken into account.