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普通防水混凝土具有施工简便、造价低、材料来源广、施工工期短的优点,因而越来越多地应用于需要防水的工程构筑物中。混凝土的孔隙分为施工孔隙和构造孔隙两类。施工孔隙是由于浇筑振捣不良引起的孔隙;构造孔隙是由混凝土凝结硬化过程中水泥水化凝胶本身的胶孔、水泥水化后多余水蒸发产生的毛细孔、重力作用下水泥与骨料沉降产生的沉降孔隙、因混凝土配比不当使水泥浆不足以填充骨料间隙形成的孔隙等组成。胶孔因尺寸较小,不透水。其它孔径大于2.5×10~2μm,且为开放式的,是渗水的原因。普通防水混凝土在保证一定的施工和易性前提下降低了水灰比,减少了毛细孔的数
Ordinary waterproof concrete has the advantages of simple construction, low construction cost, wide material source, and short construction period. Therefore, it is increasingly used in engineering structures that require waterproofing. The pores of concrete are classified into construction pores and structural pores. The construction pores are pores caused by poor casting vibration; the structural pores are cement pores of the cement hydration gel in the course of setting and hardening of concrete, capillary pores generated by evaporation of excess cement after hydration of cement, and cement and aggregate under gravity. Settling voids caused by settlement, due to improper proportioning of concrete, the cement slurry is insufficient to fill pores formed in the aggregate gap and so on. The glue hole is impervious due to its small size. Other pore sizes greater than 2.5 × 10 ~ 2μm, and open, is the cause of water seepage. Ordinary waterproof concrete reduces the water-cement ratio and reduces the number of capillary holes while ensuring certain construction workability