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目的了解龙口市乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)流行特征及变化趋势,为今后科学制定乙肝防治策略提供理论依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对龙口市2006~2015年的乙型肝炎疫情资料进行分析。结果 2006~2015年龙口市累计报告乙肝2 518例,年均发病率为36.22/10万,死亡2例,病死率为0.079%。各年发病率(/10万)分别为41.61、47.13、39.56、36.98、22.89、30.51、25.44、33.44、42.63、42.10(P<0.01)。发病率男性(51.86/10万)高于女性(20.35/10万)(P<0.01),男女之比为2.59∶1,发病年龄以20~60岁为主(86.14%)。职业构成以农民和工人为主,分别占发病总数的56.08%和22.48%。龙口市辖区15个乡镇、街道均有报告病例,不同地区发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。发病多为散发,无明显季节高峰。结论龙口市每年乙肝发病数不稳定,发病率有升高趋势。
Objective To understand the epidemiological features and trends of hepatitis B in Longkou City and to provide a theoretical basis for the future scientific development of hepatitis B prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of Hepatitis B outbreak in Longkou from 2006 to 2015. Results A total of 2 518 cases of hepatitis B were reported in Longkou City from 2006 to 2015, with an average annual incidence of 36.22 / 100 000 and 2 deaths. The case fatality rate was 0.079%. The incidence of each year (/ 100000) were 41.61,47.13,39.56,36.98,22.89,30.51,25.44,33.44,42.63,42.10 (P <0.01). The incidence of males was higher than that of females (20.35 / 100000) (51.86 / 100000) (P <0.01). The ratio of males to females was 2.59:1. The age of onset was 20-60 years old (86.14%). The occupational composition is dominated by peasants and workers, accounting for 56.08% and 22.48% of the total respectively. Longkou Municipality 15 townships, streets have reported cases, the incidence of different regions have significant differences (P <0.01). The incidence of mostly distributed, no significant seasonal peak. Conclusion The number of hepatitis B in Longkou City is unstable and the incidence rate is increasing.