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历史语境主义(Historical Contextualism)是当今西方思想史研究,尤其是政治思想史研究的主流方法之一。“剑桥学派”的代表人物斯金纳(Quentin Skinner)在《政治的视界第一卷:关于方法》(Visionsof Politics Volume one:Regarding Method)一书中对传统的历史与思想史的研究方法进行了反思,并在此基础之上提出了自己的历史语境主义方法。这一方法不仅是思想史的方法论研究,而且为哲学史的方法论研究提供了新的视角。本文将以该书作为主要文本依据,通过分析斯金纳历史语境主义的理论来源、主要方法及其理论对手,探寻其作为哲学史研究方法所具有的价值及限度所在。
Historical Contextualism is one of the mainstream methods in the study of the history of western intellectual history, especially in the history of political thought. Quentin Skinner, a representative of the Cambridge School Methodology in the history of traditional history and ideas in his book Visions of Politics Volume one: Regarding Method Conducted a reflection, and on this basis put forward his own method of historical contextualism. This method is not only a methodological study of the history of ideas, but also provides a new perspective for the study of the methodology of the history of philosophy. This essay will take the book as the main textual basis and analyzes the origin and main methods of Skinner’s historical contextualism and its theoretical opponents to explore the values and limits of the book as a research method of the history of philosophy.