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目的分析福州市手足口病的流行规律,评价防控措施效果,为修订防控策略提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学分析方法,对福州市2009—2014年的手足口病发病资料进行统计分析,探讨可能影响流行特征的有关因素。结果福州市2009—2014年共报告手足口病87 048例,年均发病率210.79/10万,2012年发病率(343.21/10万)最高。报告重症1 241例,死亡16例。6年的发病曲线基本相似,总体上呈5~6月和9~10月2个发病高峰。福州市城区(5个区)年均发病率高于郊县(7个县、市),重症率和病死率低于郊县。男性发病率高于女性,病例以≤5岁年龄为主(91.3%),散居儿童和托幼儿童占97.2%。结论为有效防控手足口病疫情,需采取以健康教育与促进为主的综合性预防措施,做好重点人群和场所的防控工作。
Objective To analyze the epidemic law of hand-foot-mouth disease in Fuzhou and evaluate the effect of prevention and control measures, so as to provide basis for the revision of prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was used to analyze the incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Fuzhou from 2009 to 2014 and to explore the possible influencing factors of epidemic characteristics. Results A total of 87 048 HFMD cases were reported in Fuzhou from 2009 to 2014, with an annual average incidence of 210.79 / 100 000. The incidence rate in 2012 was the highest (343.21 / 100 000). Severe cases report 1 241 cases, 16 cases of death. The incidence curves of 6 years were basically similar, showing the peak incidence from May to June and from September to October. The average annual incidence of urban areas in Fuzhou City (5 districts) was higher than that in suburban counties (7 counties and cities), and the rates of severe diseases and cases were lower than those in suburbs. The incidence of males was higher than that of females, with the majority of cases being less than 5 years old (91.3%) and the scattered children and childcare children accounting for 97.2%. Conclusion In order to effectively prevent and control hand-foot-mouth disease epidemic, we must take comprehensive prevention and treatment measures based on health education and promotion to prevent and control key populations and places.