论文部分内容阅读
一、改革前的经济情况 老挝是人口稀少、多山的内陆国,是世界上最不发达的国家之一,经受法国的长期殖民统治,教育和交通事业极不发达,工业原始落后,只有一些大米和木材加工业,出口一些木材和咖啡。行政管理由法国人支配,管理人员大部分是越南人,商业由越侨和华侨经营。 老挝于1949年获得独立,但是,由于新老殖民主义者的干预,将近四分之一世纪处于战争状态,约有1/4的农村人口被迫离开家园,成千上万的牲畜丧失。迄今农民在耕种土地时还会碰到未爆炸的炸弹,遇上意外的伤亡。
I. Pre-Reform Economic Situation Laos is a sparsely populated and mountainous landlocked country. It is one of the most underdeveloped countries in the world. After being subjected to long-term French colonial rule, education and transport are extremely underdeveloped, and their industries are primitive and backward. Only some rice And timber processing industry, exports of some wood and coffee. The administration is dominated by the French, with the majority of the management being Vietnamese and the business being run by Vietnamese and overseas Chinese. Laos gained independence in 1949, but nearly a quarter of a century was in the state of war due to the intervention of old and new colonialists. About a quarter of the rural population was forced to leave their homes and thousands of livestock were lost. To date, peasants have encountered unexploded bombs when they have cultivated land and have witnessed unexpected casualties.