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目的：了解安徽省铜陵地区临床分离菌株耐药状况。方法用Kirby-Bauer法进行药敏试验，用 WHONET5．6软件进行耐药性分析。结果2012年共收集非重复临床分离株3092株，其中革兰阴性菌2359株，占76．3％，革兰阳性菌773株，占23．7％。甲氧西林耐药金葡菌（MRSA）和甲氧西林耐药凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（MRCNS）分别占金葡菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌的50．9％和73．0％；MRSA和 MRCNS对庆大霉素、环丙沙星和红霉素等均高度耐药，未见耐万古霉素和替考拉宁葡萄球菌。未见耐万古霉素和替考拉宁的粪肠球菌；屎肠球菌出现个别菌株对万古霉素和替考拉宁耐药。大肠埃希菌和克雷伯菌属中产 ESBLs株分别占52．1％和42．1％，发现对碳青霉烯类耐药的肺炎克雷伯菌。铜绿假单胞菌对阿米卡星、头孢哌酮-舒巴坦、头孢吡肟的耐药率分别为3．4％、14．0％和17．7％。不动杆菌属对米诺环素和头孢哌酮-舒巴坦的耐药率分别为42．1和4．4％，对其他抗菌药物耐药率均在70％以上。结论细菌耐药性仍呈增长趋势，多重耐药和泛耐药菌株在某些科室内的流行播散对临床构成严重威胁，应重视细菌耐药性监测并加强抗菌药物的合理使用和控制医院感染。“,”Objective To investigate the bacterial resistance of clinical isolates collected in Tongling area. Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility test was conducted by Kirby-Bauer method.All the data were analyzed with WHONET 5.5 software.Results A total of 3 092 clinical isolates were collected during 2012,of which gram negative organisms and gram positive organisms accounted for 76.3% (2 359/3 092)and 23.7% (773/3 092),respectively.MRSA and MRCNS accounted for 50.9% of S.aureus and 73.0% of coagulase negative Staphylococcus,respectively.MRSA and MRCNS showed higher resistance to gentamicin,ciprofloxacin and erythromycin.No vancomycin-or teicoplanin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus spp.were found.No vancomycin-or teicoplanin-resistant strains of E.faecalis were found.Some E.faecium strains were resistant to vancomycin and teicoplanin.About 52.1% of E.coli isolates and 42.1% of Klebsiella isolates produced extended-spectrumβ-lactamases (ESBLs).Imipenem-or meropenem-resistant strains of K. pneumoniae were found. The percentage of P.aeruginosa strains resistant to amikacin, cefoperazone-sulbactam and cefepime was 3.4%,14.0% and 17.7%,respectively.More than 70% of Acinetobacter spp. strains were resistant to all the antibiotics tested except minocycline and cefoperazone-sulbactam,to which 42.1%and 4.4% of the strains were resistant.Conclusions The antibiotic resistance of clinical bacterial isolates is growing. The spread of multi-drug or pan-drug resistant strains in a specific region poses a serious threat to clinical practice.We should pay more attention to resistance surveillance and the rational use of antibiotics.