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本文根据1983年固原地区农科所的旱地和水浇地的春小麦品种(系)比较试验的结果,分析了两种类型的产量因素的遗传力、遗传变异系数、遗传进度及产量因素间的遗传相关和通径系数。分析结果表明,千粒重的遗传力都较高;单位面积穗数次之;每穗粒数和籽粒产量最低。一般遗传力高的性状其遗传变异系数和遗传进度也较大。遗传相关系数分析表明了旱地品种的千粒重与籽粒产量有较大的正相关,而水浇地品种的穗粒数与籽粒产量有较大的正相关。通径系数分析肯定了旱地品种的千粒重和水浇地品种的穗粒数对其产量的直接作用最大。因此,在育种目标上有较大的差异,旱地品种应在保持现有品种抗旱性的基础上,似以选择大粒型的单株较为有效;而水浇地的品种应把提高穗粒数作为育种的主攻方向,才能培育出具有高产潜力的新品种。
Based on the results of comparative experiments on spring wheat cultivars (lines) in dryland and irrigated area in the Agricultural Science Institute of Guyuan in 1983, the genetic, genetic variation coefficient, genetic progress and the genetic factors between the two types of yield factors were analyzed Correlation and Path Coefficient. The results showed that the 1000-grain heritability was high, the number of spikes per unit area was the highest, the grains per spike and grain yield were the lowest. Generally, the heritability of high heritability coefficient of genetic variation and genetic progress larger. The analysis of genetic correlation coefficient showed that there was a significant positive correlation between 1000-grain weight and grain yield of dryland cultivars, while there was a significant positive correlation between grain yield and grains per spike. The path coefficient analysis confirmed that the direct effect of dry weight of 1000-grain weight and water-irrigated varieties on grain yield was greatest. Therefore, there are great differences in breeding objectives. Dryland cultivars should be more effective in selecting large-sized single plants based on drought resistance of existing cultivars. However, irrigating cultivars should be regarded as Breeding the main direction, in order to breed new varieties with high yield potential.