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AIM:To review literature on efficacy and safety of octreotide-long-acting repeatable(LAR)used at doses higher than the Food and Drug Administration(FDA)-approved 30 mg/mo for treatment of neuroendocrine tumors(NETs).METHODS:We searched Pub Med and Cochrane Library from 1998-2012,5 conferences(American Society of Clinical Oncology,Endocrine Society,European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society,European Society for Medical Oncology,North American Neuroendocrine Tumor Society)from 2000-2013 using Me SH and keyterms including neuroendocrine tumors,carcinoid tumor,carcinoma,neuroendocrine,and octreotide.Bibliographies of accepted articles were also searched.Two reviewers reviewed titles,abstracts,and full-length articles.Studies that reported data on efficacy and safety of≥30 mg/mo octreotide-LAR for NETs in human subjects,published in any language were included in the review.RESULTS:The search identified 1086 publications,of which 238 underwent full-text review(20 were translated into English);17 were included in the review.Studies varied in designs,subjects,octreotide-LAR regimens,and definition of outcomes.Eleven studies reported use of higher doses to control symptoms and tumor progression,although symptom severity and formal quality-of-life analysis were not quantitatively measured.Ten studies reported efficacy,describing 260 subjects with doses ranging from 40 mg/mo or 30 mg/3 wk up to 120 mg/mo.Eight studies reported expert clinical opinion that supported dose escalation of octreotide-LAR up to 60 mg/mo for symptom control and suggested increased doses may be effective at preventing tumor progression.Eight studies reported safety;there was no evidence of increased toxicity associated with doses of octreotide-LAR>30 mg/mo.CONCLUSION:As reported in this review,octreotide-LAR at doses>30 mg/mo is being prescribed for symptom and tumor control in NET patients.Furthermore,expert clinical opinion provided support for escalation of somatostatin analogs for refractory hormonal symptoms.
AIM: To review literature on efficacy and safety of octreotide-long-acting repeatable (LAR) used at doses higher than the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) -approved 30 mg / mo for treatment of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). METHODS: We searched Pub Med and The Cochrane Library from 1998-2012, 5 conferences (American Society of Clinical Oncology, Endocrine Society, European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society, European Society for Medical Oncology, North American Neuroendocrine Tumor Society) from 2000-2013 using MeSH and keyterms including neuroendocrine tumors, carcinoid tumor, carcinoma, neuroendocrine, and octreotide.Bibliographies of accepted articles also also searched.Two reviewers reviewed titles, abstracts, and full-length articles. Database that reported data on efficacy and safety of ≥30 mg / mo octreotide- LAR for NETs in human subjects, published in any language were included in the review .RESULTS: The search identified 1086 publications, of which 238 underwent full-text review (20 were incorporated into English); 1 7 were included in the review. Studies of diverse in designs, subjects, octreotide-LAR regimens, and definition of outcomes.Eleven studies reported use of higher doses to control symptoms and tumor progression, although symptom severity and formal quality-of-life analysis were not quantitatively measured.Ten studies reported efficacy, describing 260 subjects with doses ranging from 40 mg / mo or 30 mg / 3 wk up to 120 mg / mo. Eight studies reported expert clinical opinion that supported dose escalation of octreotide-LAR up to 60 There was no evidence of increased toxicity associated with doses of octreotide-LAR> 30 mg / mo. CONCLUSION: As reported in this review; , octreotide-LAR at doses> 30 mg / mo is being prescribed for symptom and tumor control in NET patients. Future Advanced, expert clinical opinion provided support for escalation of somatostatin analogs for refractory hormonal symptoms.