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1877年Hewson首先提出脾脏与淋巴系统有关。几年之后Ponfich发现脾脏能去除血液中的颗粒物质。1913年Aschoff指出包括脾在内的网状内皮系统是机体抗感染的重要组成。1919年Morris的实验又进一步支持了脾脏在抗感染中的作用。但直到1952年King报告了5例婴儿脾切除后的暴发性感染(OPSI)病例后,人们才开始逐渐改变对脾脏功能的认识。30多年大量的实验和临床资料都证实:脾脏在感染、肿瘤、移植及寄生虫病等方面的免疫中具有重要的功能。这里我们着重回顾介绍近几年来有关脾脏免疫功能和脾切除后的免疫功能紊乱的研究现状。
In 1877 Hewson first proposed the spleen and lymphatic system. A few years later Ponfich found that the spleen removes particulate matter from the bloodstream. Aschoff pointed out in 1913 that the reticuloendothelial system, including the spleen, is an important component of the body’s anti-infectives. Morris’s experiment in 1919 further supports the role of the spleen in the fight against infection. But it was not until after King reported 5 cases of sporadic outbreaks of infection (OPSI) after splenectomy in 1952 that people began to gradually change their understanding of spleen function. For more than 30 years, a large number of experimental and clinical data have confirmed that the spleen has an important function in immunity in the fields of infection, tumor, transplantation and parasitic diseases. Here, we focus on reviewing and introducing the research status of immune function in spleen and immune dysfunction after splenectomy in recent years.