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通过田间定位试验,研究种植并翻压绿肥3年以后渭北旱原不同施肥处理(不施肥、磷肥P2O540kg·hm-2、豆科绿肥专用肥30kg·hm-2)和夏季豆科绿肥翻压方式(提前翻压、提前覆盖、播前翻压和不种绿肥—即夏季休闲)对小麦播前和收获期麦田土壤性质的影响。试验结果表明:(1)施豆科专用肥处理和施磷肥处理的绿肥生物量和养分还田量有高于不施肥处理的趋势,其中提前翻压时施专用肥处理与不施肥处理的差异达显著水平。(2)小麦播前翻压绿肥由于有较高的绿肥生物量和养分还田量,从而显著提高了土壤有机质、活性有机质、全氮和速效钾含量,并增加土壤碳库管理指数(CPMI)。(3)夏闲期种植绿肥显著提高了土壤剖面硝态氮的含量,并在160cm左右的土层有明显的累积峰;绿肥提前翻压处理的土壤硝态氮含量有高于提前覆盖处理的趋势。(4)绿肥翻压方式各处理160cm以上土层水分含量没有显著差异,与夏季休闲相比,翻压绿肥时160~200cm土层水分含量有降低的趋势,但只有绿肥提前覆盖土壤0~200cm储水量显著低于休闲。
Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of fertilization (no fertilizer, P2O540kg · hm-2, P2O540kg · hm-2, and 30kg · hm-2 for legume green manure) The effects of pre-plowing, pre-plowing, pre-plowing and no-green manure - summer recreation on soil properties in wheat fields before and during sowing were studied. The results showed that: (1) Green manure and phosphorus fertilizers were higher than non-fertilizing treatments for special fertilizers and phosphorus fertilizers, of which the difference between special fertilizers and no fertilizers Reached a significant level. (2) Turned green manure before sowing significantly increased soil organic matter, active organic matter, total nitrogen and available potassium, and increased soil carbon inventory management index (CPMI) due to higher green manure biomass and nutrient recovery. . (3) The green manure in summer and summer significantly increased the content of nitrate nitrogen in the soil profile, and obvious accumulation peak appeared in the soil layer of about 160 cm. The content of nitrate nitrogen in soil pre-stressed by green manure was higher than that of the earlier treatment trend. (4) There was no significant difference in soil moisture content between treatments of green manure over 160cm, compared with summer leisure, water content of soil layer under 160 ~ 200cm turned green manure decreased, but only green manure pre-soaked in soil 0 ~ 200cm Water storage was significantly lower than leisure.