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自上个世纪60年代我国研制成功麻疹减毒活疫苗并在全国范围广泛接种以来,麻疹的发病率和病死率已明显降低,麻疹大流行基本得到控制。然而,近几年麻疹疫情呈现出反弹趋势。据卫生部官网显示(2010-04-12),我国报告的麻疹病例占全球总病例数的比例,由2004年的13.8%上升到2008年的46.6%,2009年我国麻疹的发病率达39/100万,已经跃居193个成员国中的首位。这与2005年世界卫生组织西太平洋地区确定的2012年实现消除麻疹的目标有较大的距离。为努力实现2012年消除麻疹的目标,近日卫生部制订了《2010-2012年全国消除麻疹行动方案》,就工作的指导原则、目标、工作指标、内容与措施、组织与保障、督导检查与考核评价进行了详细部署。在此,我们特整理了麻疹诊治及预防的相关内容,以供读者参考。
Since the successful development of live attenuated measles vaccine in China in the 1960s and its widespread inoculation across the country, the incidence and mortality of measles have been significantly reduced and the measles pandemic has been basically controlled. However, the epidemic of measles has shown a rebound in recent years. According to the official website of the Ministry of Health (2010-04-12), the proportion of reported cases of measles in the total number of cases in the world increased from 13.8% in 2004 to 46.6% in 2008, and the incidence of measles in China reached 39% One million, has jumped to the top of 193 member states. This is far from the target of eliminating measles in 2012 set by WHO in the Western Pacific in 2005. In order to achieve the goal of eradicating measles in 2012, the Ministry of Health recently formulated the National Plan of Action to Eliminate Measles 2010-2012, guiding principles, targets, work targets, contents and measures, organizing and safeguarding work, supervising inspections and examinations Evaluation conducted a detailed deployment. Here, we specially deal with the diagnosis and treatment of measles and prevention related content, for readers reference.