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从外资进入对中国碳排放效率的作用这一基本问题出发,构建地区碳排放效率指标,将其分解为产业结构、低碳技术进步两种基本决定因素,并在厘清外资进入、环境管制与碳排放效率三者相互反馈关系的基础上,基于2000—2013年中国省际面板数据,构建联立方程模型探讨FDI、环境管制对碳排放效率的作用机制与影响效应。结果表明:(1)外资进入在引发产业结构高碳化的同时显著提升了当地的低碳技术水平,而对邻近地区的低碳技术进步则存在负面效应;(2)地方政府间的引资竞争在强化本地环境管制的同时,对邻近地区的环境管制起到显著的弱化效应;(3)在构建区域联防联控长效机制的基础上,加强环境管制是发挥外资在环境保护方面积极作用的关键;(4)环境管制对外资的区位选择存在显著影响,“污染避难所”效应在中国成立。最后,基于上述结论提出若干对策建议。
Based on the basic problem of foreign capital entering into the role of China’s carbon emission efficiency, we set up a regional carbon emission efficiency index and decompose it into two basic determinants of industrial structure and low-carbon technological progress. In clarifying foreign investment, environmental control and carbon Based on the panel data of China’s provinces from 2000 to 2013, a simultaneous equation model is constructed based on the mutual feedback relationship between emissions and emission efficiency. The mechanism and effect of FDI and environmental regulation on carbon emission efficiency are discussed. The results show that: (1) Foreign investment has significantly promoted local low-carbon technology while inducing a high-carbon industrial structure, while negatively affecting low-carbon technological progress in the neighboring areas; (2) (3) On the basis of establishing a long-term mechanism for joint defense control and joint control in the region, strengthening environmental control is the key to playing an active role in foreign investment in environmental protection ; (4) Environmental regulation has a significant impact on the choice of location of foreign investment, and the “pollution shelter” effect was established in China. Finally, based on the above conclusions, some countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.