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以玉米群体中综3号为材料,研究改良S_1后代轮回选择在玉米群体改良中的应用。通过对中综3号三轮改良S_1后代选择群体的二年三点比较试验,研究改良S_1后代轮回选择的直接响应与相关响应。结果表明:以籽粒产量为主要目标的改良S_1选择,每轮群体自身产量可获得8％-10％的遗传增益,群体S_1后代籽粒产量可获得近14％的增益。单穗籽粒产量的提高,从穗部性状看,主要是穗长的增加和千粒重提高的结果。每行粒数有所增加,但不显著,穗行数趋于减少,穗粗变化不大。应用改良S_1选择对产量性状进行选择时,若兼顾抗性,则效果更佳。本研究中综3号群体经三轮改良S_1选择后,抗倒性、抗青枯性得到了极显著改良,每轮倒伏率下降16.5％-18.2％,青枯病株下降10.1％-10.3％。但在选择籽粒产量时,若同时想降低株高、穗位,将难以奏效。
The study was to study the application of reincarnation of improved S 1 generation in maize population improvement by using the comprehensive maize variety Za 3. Through the two-year three-point comparison test of three rounds of improved S_1 progeny of Zhongquan No.3, the direct response and related response of the recycle selection of the improved S_1 were studied. The results showed that the improved S 1 with the main goal of grain yield could gain genetic gain of 8% -10% for each round of heritability, and gain of nearly 14% for the yield of grain yield of heritability. The increase of grain yield per panicle, as seen from the panicle traits, was mainly the result of the increase of panicle length and the increase of 1000-grain weight. Each line increased the number of particles, but not significant, tend to reduce the number of ear lines, coarse ear little change. When applying the improved S 1 selection to choose the yield traits, the better the effect is if both resistance are taken into account. In this study, after three rounds of improvement S_1 selection, the lodging resistance and resistance to chlorosis of the comprehensive population of No.3 were significantly improved, with the lodging rate of each round dropping by 16.5% -18.2% and the wilt decreasing by 10.1% -10.3% . However, in the choice of grain yield, if you want to reduce plant height, ear position, will be difficult to work.