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运动训练是一个生理性的刺激,长期训练可产生生理上的适应。特异性原则作为运动训练和评定的基本原则之一,一直受到广泛的关注和研究。综述和评估了有氧耐力训练、集体类的竞技运动项目、力量和爆发力训练等特异性处方。特异性原则实际应用不是绝对的,在分子水平,特异性原则内在分子变化的机制不断被发现和证实,新的理论的发现可能为运动训练的特异性处方制定提供帮助。
Exercise training is a physiological stimulus, long-term training can produce a physiological adaptation. As one of the basic principles of exercise training and assessment, the principle of specificity has been widely concerned and studied. Summarized and assessed specific prescriptions for aerobic endurance training, collective class competitive sports, strength and explosive training. The practical application of the principle of specificity is not absolute. The molecular mechanism of intrinsic molecular changes at the molecular level and the principle of specificity has been continuously discovered and confirmed. The discovery of new theories may help to formulate specific prescriptions for exercise training.