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目的探索贵阳市乙型病毒性肝炎传播的危险因素,并针对这些危险因素制定相应的预防措施,从而降低贵阳市乙肝的发病率,减少对家庭及社会带来的经济损失。方法病例组选择2014年1月~2014年5月期间,在贵阳市某三甲医院就诊的乙肝患者为研究对象,每一调查对象均是由临床专业医生确诊的病例,诊断标准参考乙型病毒性肝炎诊断标准WS299-2008;对照组选择同期在同一家医院住院的内科及外科就诊的非乙肝患者,对照组与病例组性别一致,年龄相差不超过2岁。采用SPSS软件进行病例对照分析。结果本次研究共调查病例及对照102对,单因素分析与Logistic回归分析结果显示,两者一致的乙肝传播的危险因素有:是否接受乙肝相关知识宣传教育、是否接种乙肝疫苗、献血史及母亲乙肝史,且在单因素分析中,OR值最高的是母亲乙肝史。结论应当加强对人群乙肝相关知识的宣传教育,提高人群对乙肝传播途径的认识,积极对新生儿进行乙肝疫苗接种,阻断母婴垂直传播,从而降低人群中乙肝的发病率,进而减轻对社会及家庭造成的经济压力。
Objective To explore the risk factors of hepatitis B transmission in Guiyang and to develop corresponding preventive measures against these risk factors so as to reduce the incidence of hepatitis B in Guiyang and reduce the economic losses to families and society. Methods From January 2014 to May 2014, cases were selected from hepatitis B patients treated in a top three hospital in Guiyang. Each subject was diagnosed by a clinical professional doctor. The diagnostic criteria refer to patients with hepatitis B Hepatitis diagnostic criteria WS299-2008; control group selected the same hospital in the same hospital medical and surgical treatment of non-hepatitis B patients, the control group and the case group gender, age difference of not more than 2 years old. Using SPSS software for case-control analysis. Results A total of 102 cases and controls were investigated in this study. The results of univariate and logistic regression analysis showed that the two risk factors of HBV transmission were whether to receive hepatitis B education, hepatitis B vaccination, blood donation and mothers History of hepatitis B, and in the univariate analysis, the highest OR is the mother of hepatitis B history. Conclusions Publicity and education on hepatitis B related knowledge should be strengthened so as to raise awareness among people about the route of hepatitis B transmission and to actively vaccinate newborn babies and to prevent the vertical transmission of mother and infant so as to reduce the incidence of hepatitis B in the population and further reduce the risk of hepatitis B And the family caused the economic pressure.