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缘起自有人类以来,疟疾就如影随形。四种能够感染人的疟原虫——间日疟原虫、恶性疟原虫、三日疟原虫和卵形疟原虫在上万年间,与人类展开了针锋相对的生存竞争,甚至人类的基因都为之变异。在西非和中非,人们演化出了Duffy血型,使得红细胞表面的Duffy抗原缺失,阻断了间日疟进入红细胞的通道。而针对危害性最大的恶性疟,非洲人还演化出了镰状细胞贫血,这是β珠蛋白基因单一碱基突变导致的性状,可将恶性
Since the birth of human beings, malaria has become a go-between. Four types of Plasmodium, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale that are capable of infecting humans have competed tit-for-tat for the survival of humans for thousands of years, and even human genes have mutated . In West and Central Africa, people evolved Duffy blood group, making the red blood cell surface Duffy antigen missing, blocking the vivax malaria into the red blood cell channel. And against the most harmful falciparum malaria, Africans also evolved sickle cell anemia, which is caused by a single base mutation of the beta globin gene, which causes malignancy