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职业性尘肺病是我国对劳动者健康危害最严重的职业病。截止2014年底尘肺病累计报告达到77万余例,近5年来新发尘肺病占当年职业病发病总数的85%以上[1~4]。尘肺病是一种由于长期吸入生产性粉尘导致的慢性进展性肺间质纤维化,其诊断是一项技术性和政策性都很强的工作。职业性尘肺病的诊断需要有可靠的生产性矿物性粉尘接触史和胸片一定程度的尘肺病样病变,同时需要根据临床表现和各项检查排除
Occupational pneumoconiosis is the most serious occupational disease in China to the health of workers. As of the end of 2014, cumulative reports of pneumoconiosis reached more than 770,000 cases. In the recent 5 years, newly-emerged pneumoconiosis accounted for more than 85% of the total number of occupational diseases in the current year [1 ~ 4]. Pneumoconiosis is a chronic progressive pulmonary fibrosis due to prolonged inhalation of productive dust and its diagnosis is a highly technical and policy work. The diagnosis of occupational pneumoconiosis requires a reliable history of productive mineral dust exposure and a certain degree of pneumoconiosis-like lesions of the chest radiograph and requires exclusion based on clinical manifestations and various examinations